.\" $NetBSD: setfacl.1,v 1.2 2020/06/18 19:43:53 wiz Exp $ .\"- .\" Copyright (c) 2001 Chris D. Faulhaber .\" Copyright (c) 2011 Edward Tomasz Napierała .\" All rights reserved. .\" .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions .\" are met: .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. .\" .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE .\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE .\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL .\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS .\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) .\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT .\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF .\" SUCH DAMAGE. .\" .\" $FreeBSD: head/bin/setfacl/setfacl.1 339793 2018-10-26 21:17:06Z markj $ .\" .Dd October 26, 2018 .Dt SETFACL 1 .Os .Sh NAME .Nm setfacl .Nd set ACL information .Sh SYNOPSIS .Nm .Op Fl bdhkn .Op Fl a Ar position entries .Op Fl M Ar file .Op Fl m Ar entries .Op Fl R Op Fl H | L | P .Op Fl X Ar file .Op Fl x Ar entries | position .Op Ar .Sh DESCRIPTION The .Nm utility sets discretionary access control information on the specified file(s). If no files are specified, or the list consists of the only .Sq Fl , the file names are taken from the standard input. .Pp The following options are available: .Bl -tag -width indent .It Fl a Ar position entries Modify the ACL on the specified files by inserting new ACL entries specified in .Ar entries , starting at position .Ar position , counting from zero. This option is only applicable to NFSv4 ACLs. .It Fl b Remove all ACL entries except for the ones synthesized from the file mode - the three mandatory entries in case of POSIX.1e ACL. If the POSIX.1e ACL contains a .Dq Li mask entry, the permissions of the .Dq Li group entry in the resulting ACL will be set to the permission associated with both the .Dq Li group and .Dq Li mask entries of the current ACL. .It Fl d The operations apply to the default ACL entries instead of access ACL entries. Currently only directories may have default ACL's. This option is not applicable to NFSv4 ACLs. .It Fl H If the .Fl R option is specified, symbolic links on the command line are followed and hence unaffected by the command. (Symbolic links encountered during tree traversal are not followed.) .It Fl h If the target of the operation is a symbolic link, perform the operation on the symbolic link itself, rather than following the link. .It Fl k Delete any default ACL entries on the specified files. It is not considered an error if the specified files do not have any default ACL entries. An error will be reported if any of the specified files cannot have a default entry (i.e., non-directories). This option is not applicable to NFSv4 ACLs. .It Fl L If the .Fl R option is specified, all symbolic links are followed. .It Fl M Ar file Modify the ACL entries on the specified files by adding new ACL entries and modifying existing ACL entries with the ACL entries specified in the file .Ar file . If .Ar file is .Fl , the input is taken from stdin. .It Fl m Ar entries Modify the ACL on the specified file. New entries will be added, and existing entries will be modified according to the .Ar entries argument. For NFSv4 ACLs, it is recommended to use the .Fl a and .Fl x options instead. .It Fl n Do not recalculate the permissions associated with the ACL mask entry. This option is not applicable to NFSv4 ACLs. .It Fl P If the .Fl R option is specified, no symbolic links are followed. This is the default. .It Fl R Perform the action recursively on any specified directories. When modifying or adding NFSv4 ACL entries, inheritance flags are applied only to directories. .It Fl X Ar file Remove the ACL entries specified in the file .Ar file from the access or default ACL of the specified files. .It Fl x Ar entries | position If .Ar entries is specified, remove the ACL entries specified there from the access or default ACL of the specified files. Otherwise, remove entry at index .Ar position , counting from zero. .El .Pp The above options are evaluated in the order specified on the command-line. .Sh POSIX.1e ACL ENTRIES A POSIX.1E ACL entry contains three colon-separated fields: an ACL tag, an ACL qualifier, and discretionary access permissions: .Bl -tag -width indent .It Ar "ACL tag" The ACL tag specifies the ACL entry type and consists of one of the following: .Dq Li user or .Ql u specifying the access granted to the owner of the file or a specified user; .Dq Li group or .Ql g specifying the access granted to the file owning group or a specified group; .Dq Li other or .Ql o specifying the access granted to any process that does not match any user or group ACL entry; .Dq Li mask or .Ql m specifying the maximum access granted to any ACL entry except the .Dq Li user ACL entry for the file owner and the .Dq Li other ACL entry. .It Ar "ACL qualifier" The ACL qualifier field describes the user or group associated with the ACL entry. It may consist of one of the following: UID or user name, GID or group name, or empty. For .Dq Li user ACL entries, an empty field specifies access granted to the file owner. For .Dq Li group ACL entries, an empty field specifies access granted to the file owning group. .Dq Li mask and .Dq Li other ACL entries do not use this field. .It Ar "access permissions" The access permissions field contains up to one of each of the following: .Ql r , .Ql w , and .Ql x to set read, write, and execute permissions, respectively. Each of these may be excluded or replaced with a .Ql - character to indicate no access. .El .Pp A .Dq Li mask ACL entry is required on a file with any ACL entries other than the default .Dq Li user , .Dq Li group , and .Dq Li other ACL entries. If the .Fl n option is not specified and no .Dq Li mask ACL entry was specified, the .Nm utility will apply a .Dq Li mask ACL entry consisting of the union of the permissions associated with all .Dq Li group ACL entries in the resulting ACL. .Pp Traditional POSIX interfaces acting on file system object modes have modified semantics in the presence of POSIX.1e extended ACLs. When a mask entry is present on the access ACL of an object, the mask entry is substituted for the group bits; this occurs in programs such as .Xr stat 1 or .Xr ls 1 . When the mode is modified on an object that has a mask entry, the changes applied to the group bits will actually be applied to the mask entry. These semantics provide for greater application compatibility: applications modifying the mode instead of the ACL will see conservative behavior, limiting the effective rights granted by all of the additional user and group entries; this occurs in programs such as .Xr chmod 1 . .Pp ACL entries applied from a file using the .Fl M or .Fl X options shall be of the following form: one ACL entry per line, as previously specified; whitespace is ignored; any text after a .Ql # is ignored (comments). .Pp When POSIX.1e ACL entries are evaluated, the access check algorithm checks the ACL entries in the following order: file owner, .Dq Li user ACL entries, file owning group, .Dq Li group ACL entries, and .Dq Li other ACL entry. .Pp Multiple ACL entries specified on the command line are separated by commas. .Pp It is possible for files and directories to inherit ACL entries from their parent directory. This is accomplished through the use of the default ACL. It should be noted that before you can specify a default ACL, the mandatory ACL entries for user, group, other and mask must be set. For more details see the examples below. Default ACLs can be created by using .Fl d . .Sh NFSv4 ACL ENTRIES An NFSv4 ACL entry contains four or five colon-separated fields: an ACL tag, an ACL qualifier (only for .Dq Li user and .Dq Li group tags), discretionary access permissions, ACL inheritance flags, and ACL type: .Bl -tag -width indent .It Ar "ACL tag" The ACL tag specifies the ACL entry type and consists of one of the following: .Dq Li user or .Ql u specifying the access granted to the specified user; .Dq Li group or .Ql g specifying the access granted to the specified group; .Dq Li owner@ specifying the access granted to the owner of the file; .Dq Li group@ specifying the access granted to the file owning group; .Dq Li everyone@ specifying everyone. Note that .Dq Li everyone@ is not the same as traditional Unix .Dq Li other - it means, literally, everyone, including file owner and owning group. .It Ar "ACL qualifier" The ACL qualifier field describes the user or group associated with the ACL entry. It may consist of one of the following: UID or user name, or GID or group name. In entries whose tag type is one of .Dq Li owner@ , .Dq Li group@ , or .Dq Li everyone@ , this field is omitted altogether, including the trailing comma. .It Ar "access permissions" Access permissions may be specified in either short or long form. Short and long forms may not be mixed. Permissions in long form are separated by the .Ql / character; in short form, they are concatenated together. Valid permissions are: .Bl -tag -width ".Dv modify_set" .It Short Long .It r read_data .It w write_data .It x execute .It p append_data .It D delete_child .It d delete .It a read_attributes .It A write_attributes .It R read_xattr .It W write_xattr .It c read_acl .It C write_acl .It o write_owner .It s synchronize .El .Pp In addition, the following permission sets may be used: .Bl -tag -width ".Dv modify_set" .It Set Permissions .It full_set all permissions, as shown above .It modify_set all permissions except write_acl and write_owner .It read_set read_data, read_attributes, read_xattr and read_acl .It write_set write_data, append_data, write_attributes and write_xattr .El .It Ar "ACL inheritance flags" Inheritance flags may be specified in either short or long form. Short and long forms may not be mixed. Access flags in long form are separated by the .Ql / character; in short form, they are concatenated together. Valid inheritance flags are: .Bl -tag -width ".Dv short" .It Short Long .It f file_inherit .It d dir_inherit .It i inherit_only .It n no_propagate .It I inherited .El .Pp Other than the "inherited" flag, inheritance flags may be only set on directories. .It Ar "ACL type" The ACL type field is either .Dq Li allow or .Dq Li deny . .El .Pp ACL entries applied from a file using the .Fl M or .Fl X options shall be of the following form: one ACL entry per line, as previously specified; whitespace is ignored; any text after a .Ql # is ignored (comments). .Pp NFSv4 ACL entries are evaluated in their visible order. .Pp Multiple ACL entries specified on the command line are separated by commas. .Pp Note that the file owner is always granted the read_acl, write_acl, read_attributes, and write_attributes permissions, even if the ACL would deny it. .Sh EXIT STATUS .Ex -std .Sh EXAMPLES .Dl setfacl -d -m u::rwx,g::rx,o::rx,mask::rwx dir .Dl setfacl -d -m g:admins:rwx dir .Pp The first command sets the mandatory elements of the POSIX.1e default ACL. The second command specifies that users in group admins can have read, write, and execute permissions for directory named "dir". It should be noted that any files or directories created underneath "dir" will inherit these default ACLs upon creation. .Pp .Dl setfacl -m u::rwx,g:mail:rw file .Pp Sets read, write, and execute permissions for the .Pa file owner's POSIX.1e ACL entry and read and write permissions for group mail on .Pa file . .Pp .Dl setfacl -m owner@:rwxp::allow,g:mail:rwp::allow file .Pp Semantically equal to the example above, but for NFSv4 ACL. .Pp .Dl setfacl -M file1 file2 .Pp Sets/updates the ACL entries contained in .Pa file1 on .Pa file2 . .Pp .Dl setfacl -x g:mail:rw file .Pp Remove the group mail POSIX.1e ACL entry containing read/write permissions from .Pa file . .Pp .Dl setfacl -x0 file .Pp Remove the first entry from the NFSv4 ACL from .Pa file . .Pp .Dl setfacl -bn file .Pp Remove all .Dq Li access ACL entries except for the three required from .Pa file . .Pp .Dl getfacl file1 | setfacl -b -n -M - file2 .Pp Copy ACL entries from .Pa file1 to .Pa file2 . .Sh SEE ALSO .Xr getextattr 1 , .Xr getfacl 1 , .Xr setextattr 1 , .Xr acl 3 , .\".Xr acl 9 , .Xr extattr 9 .Sh STANDARDS The .Nm utility is expected to be .Tn IEEE Std 1003.2c compliant. .Sh HISTORY Extended Attribute and Access Control List support was developed as part of the .Tn TrustedBSD Project and introduced in .Fx 5.0 . NFSv4 ACL support was introduced in .Fx 8.1 . .Sh AUTHORS .An -nosplit The .Nm utility was written by .An Chris D. Faulhaber Aq Mt jedgar@fxp.org . NFSv4 ACL support was implemented by .An Edward Tomasz Napierala Aq Mt trasz@FreeBSD.org .